Trait std::clone::Clone 1.0.0
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#[lang = "clone"]pub trait Clone { fn clone(&self) -> Self; fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self) { ... } }
A common trait for the ability to explicitly duplicate an object.
Differs from Copy
in that Copy
is implicit and extremely inexpensive, while
Clone
is always explicit and may or may not be expensive. In order to enforce
these characteristics, Rust does not allow you to reimplement Copy
, but you
may reimplement Clone
and run arbitrary code.
Since Clone
is more general than Copy
, you can automatically make anything
Copy
be Clone
as well.
Derivable
This trait can be used with #[derive]
if all fields are Clone
. The derive
d
implementation of clone
calls clone
on each field.
Closures
Closure types automatically implement Clone
if they capture no value from the environment
or if all such captured values implement Clone
themselves.
How can I implement Clone
?
Types that are Copy
should have a trivial implementation of Clone
. More formally:
if T: Copy
, x: T
, and y: &T
, then let x = y.clone();
is equivalent to let x = *y;
.
Manual implementations should be careful to uphold this invariant; however, unsafe code
must not rely on it to ensure memory safety.
An example is an array holding more than 32 elements of a type that is Clone
; the standard
library only implements Clone
up until arrays of size 32. In this case, the implementation of
Clone
cannot be derive
d, but can be implemented as:
#[derive(Copy)] struct Stats { frequencies: [i32; 100], } impl Clone for Stats { fn clone(&self) -> Stats { *self } }Run
Required Methods
fn clone(&self) -> Self
Provided Methods
fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)
Performs copy-assignment from source
.
a.clone_from(&b)
is equivalent to a = b.clone()
in functionality,
but can be overridden to reuse the resources of a
to avoid unnecessary
allocations.
Implementations on Foreign Types
impl Clone for AllocErr
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impl Clone for AllocErr
impl<T> Clone for NonZero<T> where
T: Zeroable + Clone,
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impl<T> Clone for NonZero<T> where
T: Zeroable + Clone,
impl Clone for TryFromSliceError
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impl Clone for TryFromSliceError
fn clone(&self) -> TryFromSliceError
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fn clone(&self) -> TryFromSliceError
fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)
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fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)
impl Clone for Layout
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impl Clone for Layout
impl Clone for CannotReallocInPlace
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impl Clone for CannotReallocInPlace
fn clone(&self) -> CannotReallocInPlace
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fn clone(&self) -> CannotReallocInPlace
fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)
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fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)
impl<I> Clone for Utf16Encoder<I> where
I: Clone,
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impl<I> Clone for Utf16Encoder<I> where
I: Clone,
ⓘImportant traits for Utf16Encoder<I>fn clone(&self) -> Utf16Encoder<I>
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fn clone(&self) -> Utf16Encoder<I>
fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)
1.0.0[src]
fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)
Implementors
impl Clone for EscapeUnicode
impl Clone for f32x2
impl Clone for i8x2
impl Clone for std::sync::atomic::Ordering
impl<I> Clone for Peekable<I> where
I: Clone + Iterator,
<I as Iterator>::Item: Clone,impl Clone for f64x2
impl Clone for u32x16
impl Clone for u64x8
impl<T> Clone for NonNull<T> where
T: ?Sized,impl<'a, T> Clone for ExactChunks<'a, T>
impl Clone for NonZeroU8
impl<I> Clone for Enumerate<I> where
I: Clone,impl<'a, P> Clone for RMatchIndices<'a, P> where
P: Pattern<'a>,
<P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: Clone,impl<'a, 'b> Clone for StrSearcher<'a, 'b>
impl Clone for b8x4
impl Clone for f32x16
impl<'a> Clone for CharSearcher<'a>
impl<T> Clone for Empty<T>
impl<Idx> Clone for RangeToInclusive<Idx> where
Idx: Clone,impl Clone for u64x4
impl<T, E> Clone for Result<T, E> where
E: Clone,
T: Clone,impl Clone for b8x2
impl Clone for i8x16
impl Clone for NonZeroU32
impl Clone for ParseFloatError
impl<'a, T> Clone for Chunks<'a, T>
impl<'a, A> Clone for std::option::Iter<'a, A>
impl<A> Clone for std::option::IntoIter<A> where
A: Clone,impl<Idx> Clone for std::ops::Range<Idx> where
Idx: Clone,impl Clone for u16x4
impl Clone for i8x64
impl Clone for f32x8
impl Clone for TraitObject
impl<I> Clone for Cycle<I> where
I: Clone,impl<I, U> Clone for Flatten<I> where
I: Iterator + Clone,
U: Iterator + Clone,
<I as Iterator>::Item: IntoIterator,
<<I as Iterator>::Item as IntoIterator>::IntoIter == U,
<<I as Iterator>::Item as IntoIterator>::Item == <U as Iterator>::Item,impl<'a> Clone for Arguments<'a>
impl<'a, P> Clone for std::str::Split<'a, P> where
P: Pattern<'a>,
<P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: Clone,impl Clone for u8x4
impl<T> Clone for Cell<T> where
T: Copy,impl Clone for EscapeDefault
impl Clone for CharTryFromError
impl Clone for EscapeDebug
impl Clone for NonZeroI128
impl Clone for i32x8
impl<A> Clone for Repeat<A> where
A: Clone,impl<T> Clone for PhantomData<T> where
T: ?Sized,impl<T> Clone for ManuallyDrop<T> where
T: Clone,impl<I, F> Clone for Map<I, F> where
F: Clone,
I: Clone,impl<I> Clone for StepBy<I> where
I: Clone,impl<H> Clone for BuildHasherDefault<H>
impl<'a> Clone for LinesAny<'a>
impl Clone for i32x16
impl<'a, P> Clone for RSplitN<'a, P> where
P: Pattern<'a>,
<P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: Clone,impl<I> Clone for Cloned<I> where
I: Clone,impl<T> Clone for Bound<T> where
T: Clone,impl Clone for TryFromIntError
impl<I> Clone for Take<I> where
I: Clone,impl Clone for Error
impl Clone for u16x8
impl Clone for f64x8
impl Clone for NoneError
impl Clone for i8x4
impl<'a, P> Clone for SplitN<'a, P> where
P: Pattern<'a>,
<P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: Clone,impl Clone for i16x2
impl Clone for i64x4
impl Clone for i64x8
impl Clone for NonZeroUsize
impl<'a, P> Clone for std::str::RSplit<'a, P> where
P: Pattern<'a>,
<P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: Clone,impl<'a, P> Clone for RSplitTerminator<'a, P> where
P: Pattern<'a>,
<P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: Clone,impl Clone for i16x32
impl<T> Clone for Rev<T> where
T: Clone,impl<'a> Clone for CharIndices<'a>
impl<'a, P> Clone for Matches<'a, P> where
P: Pattern<'a>,
<P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: Clone,impl Clone for NonZeroI64
impl Clone for u64x2
impl Clone for Duration
impl<Idx> Clone for RangeTo<Idx> where
Idx: Clone,impl Clone for u8x16
impl<I, U, F> Clone for FlatMap<I, U, F> where
F: Clone,
I: Clone,
U: Clone + IntoIterator,
<U as IntoIterator>::IntoIter: Clone,impl Clone for ParseIntError
impl Clone for SearchStep
impl Clone for b8x64
impl<'a, T> Clone for std::slice::Iter<'a, T>
impl<I, F> Clone for Inspect<I, F> where
F: Clone,
I: Clone,impl Clone for i8x8
impl Clone for Utf8Error
impl<T> Clone for Unique<T> where
T: ?Sized,impl Clone for u8x32
impl<I, P> Clone for TakeWhile<I, P> where
I: Clone,
P: Clone,impl Clone for NonZeroU64
impl<F> Clone for RepeatWith<F> where
F: Clone,impl Clone for u16x2
impl<I, P> Clone for SkipWhile<I, P> where
I: Clone,
P: Clone,impl<'a, T, P> Clone for std::slice::RSplit<'a, T, P> where
P: Clone + FnMut(&T) -> bool,
T: 'a + Clone,impl Clone for u16x16
impl<T> Clone for RefCell<T> where
T: Clone,impl Clone for b8x8
impl Clone for i32x4
impl Clone for NonZeroI16
impl Clone for b8x16
impl<T> Clone for Once<T> where
T: Clone,impl Clone for u32x4
impl<A, B> Clone for Zip<A, B> where
A: Clone,
B: Clone,impl<I> Clone for Fuse<I> where
I: Clone,impl Clone for f64x4
impl Clone for i16x16
impl<'a> Clone for Bytes<'a>
impl Clone for NonZeroU16
impl Clone for f32x4
impl<T> Clone for Wrapping<T> where
T: Clone,impl<'a, P> Clone for RMatches<'a, P> where
P: Pattern<'a>,
<P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: Clone,impl Clone for SipHasher
impl Clone for i64x2
impl<T> Clone for Option<T> where
T: Clone,impl Clone for u32x8
impl<'a, P> Clone for SplitTerminator<'a, P> where
P: Pattern<'a>,
<P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: Clone,impl<T> Clone for Reverse<T> where
T: Clone,impl Clone for u8x8
impl<I> Clone for DecodeUtf8<I> where
I: Clone + Iterator<Item = u8>,impl Clone for ParseBoolError
impl Clone for NonZeroI32
impl Clone for NonZeroIsize
impl<T> Clone for std::result::IntoIter<T> where
T: Clone,impl Clone for b8x32
impl Clone for u32x2
impl Clone for NonZeroU128
impl Clone for u16x32
impl Clone for u8x2
impl<Y, R> Clone for GeneratorState<Y, R> where
R: Clone,
Y: Clone,impl Clone for std::cmp::Ordering
impl<'a, T, P> Clone for std::slice::Split<'a, T, P> where
P: Clone + FnMut(&T) -> bool,impl Clone for TypeId
impl<Idx> Clone for RangeFrom<Idx> where
Idx: Clone,impl<A, B> Clone for Chain<A, B> where
A: Clone,
B: Clone,impl<I, F> Clone for FilterMap<I, F> where
F: Clone,
I: Clone,impl<'a> Clone for Lines<'a>
impl Clone for RangeFull
impl Clone for i8x32
impl Clone for ParseCharError
impl<'a, T> Clone for Windows<'a, T>
impl<I, P> Clone for Filter<I, P> where
I: Clone,
P: Clone,impl<'a, 'b> Clone for CharSliceSearcher<'a, 'b>
impl<Idx> Clone for RangeInclusive<Idx> where
Idx: Clone,impl Clone for NonZeroI8
impl<T> Clone for Discriminant<T>
impl Clone for i16x4
impl Clone for CollectionAllocErr
impl Clone for FpCategory
impl<'a, F> Clone for CharPredicateSearcher<'a, F> where
F: Clone + FnMut(char) -> bool,impl<'a, T> Clone for std::result::Iter<'a, T>
impl<'a> Clone for Chars<'a>
impl<I, St, F> Clone for Scan<I, St, F> where
F: Clone,
I: Clone,
St: Clone,impl Clone for u8x64
impl<I> Clone for Skip<I> where
I: Clone,impl<'a, P> Clone for MatchIndices<'a, P> where
P: Pattern<'a>,
<P as Pattern<'a>>::Searcher: Clone,impl Clone for i32x2
impl Clone for i16x8
impl<T> Clone for std::collections::linked_list::IntoIter<T> where
T: Clone,impl<T> Clone for std::rc::Weak<T> where
T: ?Sized,impl Clone for Box<str>
impl<T> Clone for std::collections::vec_deque::IntoIter<T> where
T: Clone,impl<T> Clone for std::collections::binary_heap::IntoIter<T> where
T: Clone,impl<'a, T> Clone for std::collections::btree_set::SymmetricDifference<'a, T>
impl<T> Clone for LinkedList<T> where
T: Clone,impl<'a, T> Clone for std::collections::btree_set::Difference<'a, T>
impl<T> Clone for std::vec::IntoIter<T> where
T: Clone,impl<'a, T> Clone for std::collections::btree_set::Iter<'a, T>
impl<'a, T> Clone for std::collections::binary_heap::Iter<'a, T>
impl<'a, K, V> Clone for std::collections::btree_map::Range<'a, K, V>
impl<'a, T> Clone for std::collections::linked_list::Iter<'a, T>
impl Clone for ParseError
impl<'a, T> Clone for std::collections::btree_set::Intersection<'a, T>
impl<'a, K, V> Clone for std::collections::btree_map::Keys<'a, K, V>
impl<T> Clone for Box<T> where
T: Clone,impl<'a> Clone for EncodeUtf16<'a>
impl<'a, T> Clone for std::collections::btree_set::Union<'a, T>
impl<T> Clone for Box<[T]> where
T: Clone,impl<K, V> Clone for BTreeMap<K, V> where
K: Clone,
V: Clone,impl<T> Clone for Rc<T> where
T: ?Sized,impl<'a, T> Clone for std::collections::vec_deque::Iter<'a, T>
impl Clone for String
impl<T> Clone for Arc<T> where
T: ?Sized,impl<T> Clone for BinaryHeap<T> where
T: Clone,impl<T> Clone for std::sync::Weak<T> where
T: ?Sized,impl<T> Clone for VecDeque<T> where
T: Clone,impl<'a, T> Clone for std::collections::btree_set::Range<'a, T>
impl Clone for Heap
impl<'a, K, V> Clone for std::collections::btree_map::Values<'a, K, V>
impl Clone for ExchangeHeapSingleton
impl<'a, B> Clone for Cow<'a, B> where
B: ToOwned + ?Sized,impl<T> Clone for BTreeSet<T> where
T: Clone,impl<'a, K, V> Clone for std::collections::btree_map::Iter<'a, K, V>
impl<T> Clone for Vec<T> where
T: Clone,impl<I> Clone for DecodeUtf16<I> where
I: Clone + Iterator<Item = u16>,impl Clone for DecodeUtf16Error
impl Clone for UnicodeVersion
impl Clone for ToUppercase
impl<'a> Clone for SplitWhitespace<'a>
impl Clone for ToLowercase
impl Clone for ThreadId
impl Clone for Thread
impl<K: Clone, V: Clone, S: Clone> Clone for HashMap<K, V, S>
impl<'a, K, V> Clone for std::collections::hash_map::Iter<'a, K, V>
impl<'a, K, V> Clone for std::collections::hash_map::Keys<'a, K, V>
impl<'a, K, V> Clone for std::collections::hash_map::Values<'a, K, V>
impl Clone for RandomState
impl Clone for DefaultHasher
impl<T: Clone, S: Clone> Clone for HashSet<T, S>
impl<'a, K> Clone for std::collections::hash_set::Iter<'a, K>
impl<'a, T, S> Clone for std::collections::hash_set::Intersection<'a, T, S>
impl<'a, T, S> Clone for std::collections::hash_set::Difference<'a, T, S>
impl<'a, T, S> Clone for std::collections::hash_set::SymmetricDifference<'a, T, S>
impl<'a, T, S> Clone for std::collections::hash_set::Union<'a, T, S>
impl Clone for VarError
impl Clone for CString
impl Clone for NulError
impl Clone for FromBytesWithNulError
impl Clone for IntoStringError
impl Clone for OsString
impl Clone for Metadata
impl Clone for OpenOptions
impl Clone for Permissions
impl Clone for FileType
impl<T: Clone> Clone for Cursor<T>
impl Clone for ErrorKind
impl Clone for SeekFrom
impl Clone for IpAddr
impl Clone for Ipv6MulticastScope
impl Clone for Ipv4Addr
impl Clone for Ipv6Addr
impl Clone for std::net::SocketAddr
impl Clone for SocketAddrV4
impl Clone for SocketAddrV6
impl Clone for AddrParseError
impl Clone for Shutdown
impl Clone for stat
impl<'a> Clone for Prefix<'a>
impl<'a> Clone for PrefixComponent<'a>
impl<'a> Clone for Component<'a>
impl<'a> Clone for Components<'a>
impl<'a> Clone for std::path::Iter<'a>
impl<'a> Clone for Ancestors<'a>
impl Clone for PathBuf
impl Clone for StripPrefixError
impl Clone for Output
impl Clone for ExitStatus
impl Clone for ExitCode
impl<T: Clone> Clone for SendError<T>
impl Clone for RecvError
impl Clone for TryRecvError
impl Clone for RecvTimeoutError
impl<T: Clone> Clone for TrySendError<T>
impl<T> Clone for Sender<T>
impl<T> Clone for SyncSender<T>
impl Clone for WaitTimeoutResult
impl Clone for Instant
impl Clone for SystemTime
impl Clone for SystemTimeError
impl<'a> Clone for EncodeWide<'a>
impl Clone for std::os::unix::net::SocketAddr