/*
 * Copyright (C) 2009 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package android.content.pm;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.content.res.XmlResourceParser;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.util.Log;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.util.Xml;

import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.FileDescriptor;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.FileInputStream;

import com.android.internal.os.AtomicFile;
import com.android.internal.util.FastXmlSerializer;

import com.google.android.collect.Maps;
import com.google.android.collect.Lists;

import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlSerializer;

/**
 * A cache of registered services. This cache
 * is built by interrogating the {@link PackageManager} and is updated as packages are added,
 * removed and changed. The services are referred to by type V and
 * are made available via the {@link #getServiceInfo} method.
 * @hide
 */
public abstract class RegisteredServicesCache<V> {
    private static final String TAG = "PackageManager";

    public final Context mContext;
    private final String mInterfaceName;
    private final String mMetaDataName;
    private final String mAttributesName;
    private final XmlSerializerAndParser<V> mSerializerAndParser;
    private final AtomicReference<BroadcastReceiver> mReceiver;

    private final Object mServicesLock = new Object();
    // synchronized on mServicesLock
    private HashMap<V, Integer> mPersistentServices;
    // synchronized on mServicesLock
    private Map<V, ServiceInfo<V>> mServices;
    // synchronized on mServicesLock
    private boolean mPersistentServicesFileDidNotExist;

    /**
     * This file contains the list of known services. We would like to maintain this forever
     * so we store it as an XML file.
     */
    private final AtomicFile mPersistentServicesFile;

    // the listener and handler are synchronized on "this" and must be updated together
    private RegisteredServicesCacheListener<V> mListener;
    private Handler mHandler;

    public RegisteredServicesCache(Context context, String interfaceName, String metaDataName,
            String attributeName, XmlSerializerAndParser<V> serializerAndParser) {
        mContext = context;
        mInterfaceName = interfaceName;
        mMetaDataName = metaDataName;
        mAttributesName = attributeName;
        mSerializerAndParser = serializerAndParser;

        File dataDir = Environment.getDataDirectory();
        File systemDir = new File(dataDir, "system");
        File syncDir = new File(systemDir, "registered_services");
        mPersistentServicesFile = new AtomicFile(new File(syncDir, interfaceName + ".xml"));

        generateServicesMap();

        final BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
            @Override
            public void onReceive(Context context1, Intent intent) {
                generateServicesMap();
            }
        };
        mReceiver = new AtomicReference<BroadcastReceiver>(receiver);
        IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED);
        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_CHANGED);
        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED);
        intentFilter.addDataScheme("package");
        mContext.registerReceiver(receiver, intentFilter);
        // Register for events related to sdcard installation.
        IntentFilter sdFilter = new IntentFilter();
        sdFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_EXTERNAL_APPLICATIONS_AVAILABLE);
        sdFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_EXTERNAL_APPLICATIONS_UNAVAILABLE);
        mContext.registerReceiver(receiver, sdFilter);
    }

    public void dump(FileDescriptor fd, PrintWriter fout, String[] args) {
        Map<V, ServiceInfo<V>> services;
        synchronized (mServicesLock) {
            services = mServices;
        }
        fout.println("RegisteredServicesCache: " + services.size() + " services");
        for (ServiceInfo info : services.values()) {
            fout.println("  " + info);
        }
    }

    public RegisteredServicesCacheListener<V> getListener() {
        synchronized (this) {
            return mListener;
        }
    }

    public void setListener(RegisteredServicesCacheListener<V> listener, Handler handler) {
        if (handler == null) {
            handler = new Handler(mContext.getMainLooper());
        }
        synchronized (this) {
            mHandler = handler;
            mListener = listener;
        }
    }

    private void notifyListener(final V type, final boolean removed) {
        if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.VERBOSE)) {
            Log.d(TAG, "notifyListener: " + type + " is " + (removed ? "removed" : "added"));
        }
        RegisteredServicesCacheListener<V> listener;
        Handler handler; 
        synchronized (this) {
            listener = mListener;
            handler = mHandler;
        }
        if (listener == null) {
            return;
        }
        
        final RegisteredServicesCacheListener<V> listener2 = listener;
        handler.post(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                listener2.onServiceChanged(type, removed);
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * Value type that describes a Service. The information within can be used
     * to bind to the service.
     */
    public static class ServiceInfo<V> {
        public final V type;
        public final ComponentName componentName;
        public final int uid;

        private ServiceInfo(V type, ComponentName componentName, int uid) {
            this.type = type;
            this.componentName = componentName;
            this.uid = uid;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "ServiceInfo: " + type + ", " + componentName + ", uid " + uid;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Accessor for the registered authenticators.
     * @param type the account type of the authenticator
     * @return the AuthenticatorInfo that matches the account type or null if none is present
     */
    public ServiceInfo<V> getServiceInfo(V type) {
        synchronized (mServicesLock) {
            return mServices.get(type);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @return a collection of {@link RegisteredServicesCache.ServiceInfo} objects for all
     * registered authenticators.
     */
    public Collection<ServiceInfo<V>> getAllServices() {
        synchronized (mServicesLock) {
            return Collections.unmodifiableCollection(mServices.values());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Stops the monitoring of package additions, removals and changes.
     */
    public void close() {
        final BroadcastReceiver receiver = mReceiver.getAndSet(null);
        if (receiver != null) {
            mContext.unregisterReceiver(receiver);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
        if (mReceiver.get() != null) {
            Log.e(TAG, "RegisteredServicesCache finalized without being closed");
        }
        close();
        super.finalize();
    }

    private boolean inSystemImage(int callerUid) {
        String[] packages = mContext.getPackageManager().getPackagesForUid(callerUid);
        for (String name : packages) {
            try {
                PackageInfo packageInfo =
                        mContext.getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(name, 0 /* flags */);
                if ((packageInfo.applicationInfo.flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM) != 0) {
                    return true;
                }
            } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    void generateServicesMap() {
        PackageManager pm = mContext.getPackageManager();
        ArrayList<ServiceInfo<V>> serviceInfos = new ArrayList<ServiceInfo<V>>();
        List<ResolveInfo> resolveInfos = pm.queryIntentServices(new Intent(mInterfaceName),
                PackageManager.GET_META_DATA);
        for (ResolveInfo resolveInfo : resolveInfos) {
            try {
                ServiceInfo<V> info = parseServiceInfo(resolveInfo);
                if (info == null) {
                    Log.w(TAG, "Unable to load service info " + resolveInfo.toString());
                    continue;
                }
                serviceInfos.add(info);
            } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
                Log.w(TAG, "Unable to load service info " + resolveInfo.toString(), e);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                Log.w(TAG, "Unable to load service info " + resolveInfo.toString(), e);
            }
        }

        synchronized (mServicesLock) {
            if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.VERBOSE)) {
                Log.d(TAG, "generateServicesMap: " + mInterfaceName);
            }
            if (mPersistentServices == null) {
                readPersistentServicesLocked();
            }
            mServices = Maps.newHashMap();
            boolean changed = false;
            if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.VERBOSE)) {
                Log.d(TAG, "found " + serviceInfos.size() + " services");
            }
            for (ServiceInfo<V> info : serviceInfos) {
                // four cases:
                // - doesn't exist yet
                //   - add, notify user that it was added
                // - exists and the UID is the same
                //   - replace, don't notify user
                // - exists, the UID is different, and the new one is not a system package
                //   - ignore
                // - exists, the UID is different, and the new one is a system package
                //   - add, notify user that it was added
                Integer previousUid = mPersistentServices.get(info.type);
                if (previousUid == null) {
                    if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.VERBOSE)) {
                        Log.d(TAG, "encountered new type: " + info);
                    }
                    changed = true;
                    mServices.put(info.type, info);
                    mPersistentServices.put(info.type, info.uid);
                    if (!mPersistentServicesFileDidNotExist) {
                        notifyListener(info.type, false /* removed */);
                    }
                } else if (previousUid == info.uid) {
                    if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.VERBOSE)) {
                        Log.d(TAG, "encountered existing type with the same uid: " + info);
                    }
                    mServices.put(info.type, info);
                } else if (inSystemImage(info.uid)
                        || !containsTypeAndUid(serviceInfos, info.type, previousUid)) {
                    if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.VERBOSE)) {
                        if (inSystemImage(info.uid)) {
                            Log.d(TAG, "encountered existing type with a new uid but from"
                                    + " the system: " + info);
                        } else {
                            Log.d(TAG, "encountered existing type with a new uid but existing was"
                                    + " removed: " + info);
                        }
                    }
                    changed = true;
                    mServices.put(info.type, info);
                    mPersistentServices.put(info.type, info.uid);
                    notifyListener(info.type, false /* removed */);
                } else {
                    // ignore
                    if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.VERBOSE)) {
                        Log.d(TAG, "encountered existing type with a new uid, ignoring: " + info);
                    }
                }
            }

            ArrayList<V> toBeRemoved = Lists.newArrayList();
            for (V v1 : mPersistentServices.keySet()) {
                if (!containsType(serviceInfos, v1)) {
                    toBeRemoved.add(v1);
                }
            }
            for (V v1 : toBeRemoved) {
                mPersistentServices.remove(v1);
                changed = true;
                notifyListener(v1, true /* removed */);
            }
            if (changed) {
                if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.VERBOSE)) {
                    Log.d(TAG, "writing updated list of persistent services");
                }
                writePersistentServicesLocked();
            } else {
                if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.VERBOSE)) {
                    Log.d(TAG, "persistent services did not change, so not writing anything");
                }
            }
            mPersistentServicesFileDidNotExist = false;
        }
    }

    private boolean containsType(ArrayList<ServiceInfo<V>> serviceInfos, V type) {
        for (int i = 0, N = serviceInfos.size(); i < N; i++) {
            if (serviceInfos.get(i).type.equals(type)) {
                return true;
            }
        }

        return false;
    }

    private boolean containsTypeAndUid(ArrayList<ServiceInfo<V>> serviceInfos, V type, int uid) {
        for (int i = 0, N = serviceInfos.size(); i < N; i++) {
            final ServiceInfo<V> serviceInfo = serviceInfos.get(i);
            if (serviceInfo.type.equals(type) && serviceInfo.uid == uid) {
                return true;
            }
        }

        return false;
    }

    private ServiceInfo<V> parseServiceInfo(ResolveInfo service)
            throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {
        android.content.pm.ServiceInfo si = service.serviceInfo;
        ComponentName componentName = new ComponentName(si.packageName, si.name);

        PackageManager pm = mContext.getPackageManager();

        XmlResourceParser parser = null;
        try {
            parser = si.loadXmlMetaData(pm, mMetaDataName);
            if (parser == null) {
                throw new XmlPullParserException("No " + mMetaDataName + " meta-data");
            }

            AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);

            int type;
            while ((type=parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT
                    && type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
            }

            String nodeName = parser.getName();
            if (!mAttributesName.equals(nodeName)) {
                throw new XmlPullParserException(
                        "Meta-data does not start with " + mAttributesName +  " tag");
            }

            V v = parseServiceAttributes(pm.getResourcesForApplication(si.applicationInfo),
                    si.packageName, attrs);
            if (v == null) {
                return null;
            }
            final android.content.pm.ServiceInfo serviceInfo = service.serviceInfo;
            final ApplicationInfo applicationInfo = serviceInfo.applicationInfo;
            final int uid = applicationInfo.uid;
            return new ServiceInfo<V>(v, componentName, uid);
        } catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
            throw new XmlPullParserException(
                    "Unable to load resources for pacakge " + si.packageName);
        } finally {
            if (parser != null) parser.close();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Read all sync status back in to the initial engine state.
     */
    private void readPersistentServicesLocked() {
        mPersistentServices = Maps.newHashMap();
        if (mSerializerAndParser == null) {
            return;
        }
        FileInputStream fis = null;
        try {
            mPersistentServicesFileDidNotExist = !mPersistentServicesFile.getBaseFile().exists();
            if (mPersistentServicesFileDidNotExist) {
                return;
            }
            fis = mPersistentServicesFile.openRead();
            XmlPullParser parser = Xml.newPullParser();
            parser.setInput(fis, null);
            int eventType = parser.getEventType();
            while (eventType != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
                eventType = parser.next();
            }
            String tagName = parser.getName();
            if ("services".equals(tagName)) {
                eventType = parser.next();
                do {
                    if (eventType == XmlPullParser.START_TAG && parser.getDepth() == 2) {
                        tagName = parser.getName();
                        if ("service".equals(tagName)) {
                            V service = mSerializerAndParser.createFromXml(parser);
                            if (service == null) {
                                break;
                            }
                            String uidString = parser.getAttributeValue(null, "uid");
                            int uid = Integer.parseInt(uidString);
                            mPersistentServices.put(service, uid);
                        }
                    }
                    eventType = parser.next();
                } while (eventType != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Log.w(TAG, "Error reading persistent services, starting from scratch", e);
        } finally {
            if (fis != null) {
                try {
                    fis.close();
                } catch (java.io.IOException e1) {
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Write all sync status to the sync status file.
     */
    private void writePersistentServicesLocked() {
        if (mSerializerAndParser == null) {
            return;
        }
        FileOutputStream fos = null;
        try {
            fos = mPersistentServicesFile.startWrite();
            XmlSerializer out = new FastXmlSerializer();
            out.setOutput(fos, "utf-8");
            out.startDocument(null, true);
            out.setFeature("http://xmlpull.org/v1/doc/features.html#indent-output", true);
            out.startTag(null, "services");
            for (Map.Entry<V, Integer> service : mPersistentServices.entrySet()) {
                out.startTag(null, "service");
                out.attribute(null, "uid", Integer.toString(service.getValue()));
                mSerializerAndParser.writeAsXml(service.getKey(), out);
                out.endTag(null, "service");
            }
            out.endTag(null, "services");
            out.endDocument();
            mPersistentServicesFile.finishWrite(fos);
        } catch (java.io.IOException e1) {
            Log.w(TAG, "Error writing accounts", e1);
            if (fos != null) {
                mPersistentServicesFile.failWrite(fos);
            }
        }
    }

    public abstract V parseServiceAttributes(Resources res,
            String packageName, AttributeSet attrs);
}
