### LEON3MP - a reference LEON3 design for jopdesign Cycore EP1C12

#### Introduction

The LEON3MP is a generic reference design for LEON3-based systems. This version is specially adapted for the Cycore Cyclone EP1C12 development board. LEON3MP is highly configurable, and consists of the following IP cores:

- 1 - 4 LEON3 processor cores with MP support
- Multi-processor debug support unit (DSU) for LEON3
- 32-bit PROM/SRAM controller
- 8-/16-/32-/64-bit PROM/SRAM/SDRAM controller
- 32-bit PCI interface, target-only or initiator/target with FIFO and DMA
- Round-robin AHB arbiter and controller with plug&play support
- AHB/APB bridge with plug&play support
- Multi-processor interrupt controller
- 32-bit modular timer unit
- 1 - 2 UARTs with FIFO
- 10/100 ethernet MAC
- CAN interface
- Serial debug communication link
- Etherner debug communication link
- JTAG debug link

The LEON3 MP design is provided together with GRLIB, and is located in grlib/designs/leon3mp.

#### LEON3MP Block diagram

####

#### Reference architecture

The LEON3MP is made up by cores from the GRLIB IP library, which are connected together via the AMBA AHB and APB buses. The plug&play configuration method of GRLIB makes it possible to assign any combination of addresses and interrupts to the cores. However, to be software compatible with simple operating systems such as the LEON Bare-C cross-compiler, some of the vital cores must be assigned to predefined addresses and interrupts. The table below shows the reference assigment in the LEON3MP design:

Core | Memory area | Interrupt
--- | --- | ---
Memory controller (separate SRAM and SDRAM controllers, or combined LEON2 controller) | 0x00000000 - 0x20000000 : PROM 0x20000000 - 0x40000000 : external I/O bus 0x40000000 - 0x80000000 : SRAM/SDRAM 0x80000000 - 0x80000100 : Memory controller registers (APB) | -
APB bridge | 0x80000000 - 0x80100000 : APB bus | -
UART | 0x80000100 - 0x80000200 : UART registers | 2
Interrupt controller | 0x80000200 - 0x80000300 : IRQ registers | -
Timer unit | 0x80000300 - 0x80000400 : timer registers | 8, 9
LEON3 debug support unit (DSU) | 0x90000000 - 0xA0000000 : DSU registers | -

Additional (optional) IP cores are assigned addresses and interrupts as desribed in the table below. These assignments are LEON3MP specific and can be changed without impact on software compatibility.

Core | Memory area | Interrupt
--- | --- | ---
PCI initiator/target interface | 0xE0000000 - 0xF0000000 : PCI initiator access 0xFFF80000 - 0xFFFA0000 : PCI special cycles 0x80000400 - 0x80000500 : PCI registers 0x80000600 - 0x80000700 : PCI DMA registers | -
PCI arbiter | 0x80000A00 - 0x80000B00 : PCI arbiter registers |
PCI trace buffer | 0x80010000 - 0x80020000 : PCI trace buffer registers | -
Serial debug communication link | 0x80000700 - 0x80000800 : AHB UART registers | -
Ethernet debug communication link | - | -
JTAG debug communication link | - | -
10/100 Mbit ethernet MAC | 0xFFFB0000 - 0xFFFB1000 : ethernet control registers | 12
CAN interface | 0xFFFC0000 - 0xFFFC1000 : CAN control registers | 13
On-chip RAM | 0xA0000000 - 0xA0100000 : On-chip RAM |
UART | 0x80000900 - 0x80000A00 : Secondary UART | 3

####

#### Configuration

The configuartion of the LEON3MP design is defined through the config package located config.vhd. This file can be automatically generated using a GUI based on tkconfig. To launch the GUI, do 'make xconfig'. After the configuration is completed, save and exit the tool and config.vhd will be created automatically.
Alternatively, a pre-defined configuration can be installed for two specific FPGA boards: gr-pci-xc2v and gr-cpci-xc2v. In this case, set the BOARD variable in the local Makefile to the desired board type, and issue the command 'make config' to generate the configuration file.
Figure 1. LEON3MP configuration GUI

#### Simulation

To simulate the testbench, first compile the model for simulation. This can be done automatically for three different simulators. Execute one of the following commands:

- make vsim
- make ncsim
- make ghdl

For vsim, start the simulation with 'vsim testbench' and do 'run 100'. This should print the current LEON3MP configuration:
$ vsim -c -quiet testbench
Reading /usr/local/model58/tcl/vsim/pref.tcl
Reading /home/jiri/modelsim.tcl
# 5.8
`# VSIM 1> run
# LEON3 Demonstration design
# GRLIB Version 0.13
# Target technology: virtex2 , memory library: virtex2
# ahbctrl: mst0: Gaisler Research Leon3 SPARC V8 Processor
# ahbctrl: mst1: Gaisler Research AHB Debug UART
# ahbctrl: mst2: Gaisler Research Fast 32-bit PCI Bridge
# ahbctrl: mst3: Gaisler Research AMBA DMA controller
# ahbctrl: mst5: Gaisler Research OC ethernet AHB interface
# ahbctrl: slv0: Gaisler Research Simple SRAM Controller
# ahbctrl: memory at 0x00000000, size 16 Mbyte, cacheable, prefetch
# ahbctrl: memory at 0x40000000, size 16 Mbyte, cacheable, prefetch
# ahbctrl: slv1: Gaisler Research AHB/APB Bridge
# ahbctrl: memory at 0x80000000, size 1 Mbyte
# ahbctrl: slv2: Gaisler Research Leon3 Debug Support Unit
# ahbctrl: memory at 0x90000000, size 256 Mbyte
# ahbctrl: slv4: Gaisler Research Fast 32-bit PCI Bridge
# ahbctrl: memory at 0xe0000000, size 256 Mbyte
# ahbctrl: I/O port at 0xfff80000, size 128kbyte
# ahbctrl: slv5: Gaisler Research OC ethernet AHB interface
# ahbctrl: I/O port at 0xfffb0000, size 4kbyte
# ahbctrl: slv6: Gaisler Research OC CAN AHB interface
# ahbctrl: I/O port at 0xfffc0000, size 4kbyte
# ahbctrl: slv7: Gaisler Research Generic AHB SRAM module
# ahbctrl: memory at 0xa0000000, size 1 Mbyte, cacheable, prefetch
# ahbctrl: AHB arbiter/multiplexer rev 1
# ahbctrl: Common I/O area at 0xfff00000, 1 Mbyte
# ahbctrl: Configuration area at 0xfffff000, 4 kbyte
# apbctrl: APB Bridge at 0x80000000 rev 1
# apbctrl: slv1: Gaisler Research Generic UART
# apbctrl: I/O ports at 0x80000100, size 256 byte
# apbctrl: slv2: Gaisler Research Multi-processor Interrupt Ctrl.
# apbctrl: I/O ports at 0x80000200, size 256 byte
# apbctrl: slv3: Gaisler Research Modular Timer Unit
# apbctrl: I/O ports at 0x80000300, size 256 byte
# apbctrl: slv4: Gaisler Research Fast 32-bit PCI Bridge
# apbctrl: I/O ports at 0x80000400, size 256 byte
# apbctrl: slv5: Gaisler Research AMBA DMA controller
# apbctrl: I/O ports at 0x80000500, size 256 byte
# apbctrl: slv7: Gaisler Research AHB Debug UART
# apbctrl: I/O ports at 0x80000700, size 256 byte
# ahbram7: AHB SRAM Module rev 1, 2 kbytes
# can_oc6: Opencores CAN MAC, rev 0, irq 13
# eth_oc5: Wishbone/AHB interface for OC ethernet MAC, irq 12
# eth_oc5: Opencores 10/100 Mbit ethernet MAC, rev 0
# pci_mtf4: 32-bit PCI/AHB bridge rev 0, 2 Mbyte PCI memory BAR, 8-word FIFOs
# dmactrl5: 32-bit DMA controller & AHB/AHB bridge rev 0
# gptimer3: GR Timer Unit rev 0, 16-bit scaler, 1 32-bit timers, irq 8
# irqmp: Multi-processor Interrupt Controller rev 1, #cpu 1
# apbuart1: Generic UART rev 1, irq 2
# srctrl0: 32-bit PROM/SRAM controller rev 0
# ahbuart7: AHB Debug UART rev 0
# dsu3_2: LEON3 Debug support unit
# leon3_0: LEON3 SPARC V8 processor rev 0
# leon3_0: icache 1*4 kbyte, dcache 1*4 kbyte`
VSIM 2> run -all
#
# **** GRLIB system test starting ****
# Leon3 SPARC V8 Processor
# register file
# multiplier
# radix-2 divider
# cache system
# Multi-processor Interrupt Ctrl.
# Generic UART
# Modular Timer Unit
# Test passed, halting with IU error mode
#
# ** Failure: *** IU in error mode, simulation halted ***
# Time: 669213500 ps Iteration: 1 Process: /testbench/iuerr File: testbench.vhd
# Break at testbench.vhd line 263
# Stopped at testbench.vhd line 263

#### Synthesis

####

To synthesize and perform place&route for any of the supported FPGA boards, set the BOARD variable in the Makefile and issue the appropriate make commands for your tool chain (see GRLIB User's Manual for details). Alternatively, the design can be implemented using the graphical XGrlib tool, which is started with 'make xgrlib'.
Figure 2. XGrlib implementation tool
For ASIC synthesis, scripts to synthesise LEON3MP towards the Atmel ATC18 technology are provided. Run either atc18.dc or atc18.rc to synthesise with Synopsys DC, or Cadence RC.

#### Software development

####

- RTEMS: to develop RTEMS applications, download and install the LEON3 RTEMS Cross-compiler from gaisler.com. The LEON3 bsp automatically detects the location of UARTs, timers, interrupt controller and ethernet core using the plug&play information. Full sources of kernel, libraries and tools available.
- Bare-C: a LEON3 bare-C compiler is available for download from gaisler.com. Come with full source code for both the low-level I/O routines as well as the mkprom prom builder.
- eCos: a Leon3 port supporting FPU, SMP and single-vector trapping is available for ecos-current. Use Bare-C compiler to build.
- Linux: a Leon3 port of uClinux and linux-2.6.11 is available in the snapgear linux distribution.

#### Debugging

The on-chip debug support unit (DSU) makes debugging of target hardware relatively easy. Both JTAG, serial (RS232) and ethernet-based debug links are available, and can be used download and debug code. Debugging is controlled through the GRMON debug monitor. A sample GRMON session looks like this:
$ grmon -grlib -i -u
GRMON - The LEON multi purpose monitor v1.0.6
Copyright (C) 2004, Gaisler Research - all rights reserved.
For latest updates, go to http://www.gaisler.com/
Comments or bug-reports to grmon@gaisler.com
GRLIB DSU Monitor backend 1.0.1 (professional version)
using port /dev/ttyS0 @ 115200 baud
initialising ...........
Component Vendor
Leon3 SPARC V8 Processor Gaisler Research
AHB Debug UART Gaisler Research
Simple 32-bit PCI Target Gaisler Research
10/100 Mbit Ethernet MAC Opencores
LEON2 Memory Controller European Space Agency
AHB/APB Bridge Gaisler Research
Leon3 Debug Support Unit Gaisler Research
10/100 Mbit Ethernet MAC Opencores
Generic APB UART Gaisler Research
Multi-processor Interrupt Ctrl Gaisler Research
Modular Timer Unit Gaisler Research
Use command 'info sys' to print a detailed report of attached cores
grmon[grlib]> info sys
00.01:003 Gaisler Research Leon3 SPARC V8 Processor (ver 0)
ahb master 0
01.01:007 Gaisler Research AHB Debug UART (ver 0)
ahb master 1
apb: 80000700 - 80000800
baud rate 115200, ahb frequency 25.00
02.01:012 Gaisler Research Simple 32-bit PCI Target (ver 0)
ahb master 2
03.08:005 Opencores 10/100 Mbit Ethernet MAC (ver 0)
ahb master 3
00.04:00f European Space Agency LEON2 Memory Controller (ver 0)
ahb: 00000000 - 20000000
ahb: 20000000 - 40000000
ahb: 40000000 - 80000000
apb: 80000000 - 80000100
32-bit sdram: 1 * 32 Mbyte @ 0x40000000, col 9, cas 2, ref 15.5 us
01.01:006 Gaisler Research AHB/APB Bridge (ver 0)
ahb: 80000000 - 80100000
02.01:004 Gaisler Research Leon3 Debug Support Unit (ver 0)
ahb: 90000000 - a0000000
AHB trace 64 lines
CPU#0 win 8, hw breakpoints 2, itrace 64 lines
icache 1 * 4 kbyte, 32 byte/line
dcache 1 * 4 kbyte, 32 byte/line
stack pointer 0x41fffff0
05.08:005 Opencores 10/100 Mbit Ethernet MAC (ver 0)
irq 12
ahb: fffb0000 - fffb1000
01.01:00c Gaisler Research Generic APB UART (ver 1)
irq 2
apb: 80000100 - 80000200
baud rate 38400, DSU mode
02.01:00d Gaisler Research Multi-processor Interrupt Ctrl (ver 1)
apb: 80000200 - 80000300
03.01:011 Gaisler Research Modular Timer Unit (ver 0)
irq 8
apb: 80000300 - 80000400
16-bit scaler, 2 * 32-bit timers, divisor 25
grmon[grlib]> lo /home/jiri/samples/stanford
section: .text at 0x40000000, size 60688 bytes
section: .data at 0x4000ed10, size 2080 bytes
section: .jcr at 0x40026728, size 4 bytes
total size: 62772 bytes (94.3 kbit/s)
read 192 symbols
entry point: 0x40000000
grmon[grlib]> run
Starting
Perm Towers Queens Intmm Mm Puzzle Quick Bubble Tree FFT
67 100 67 67 2233 550 67 83 417 2650
Nonfloating point composite is 216
Floating point composite is 2044
Program exited normally.
grmon[grlib]>
The LEON3MP test bench includes memory models of both boot-prom, sram and sdram. To build memory images for these models, do 'make soft' . Note: this will require that the bare-C compiler for LEON3 is installed, and /opt/sparc-elf/bin is added to the PATH.